Warriors of the Rainbow

Once upon a time, an elder of the Cree tribe, known as “Eyes of Fire,” foretold of a day when, due to the greed of the pale-faced newcomers, nature would suffer greatly. Fish would perish in the rivers, birds would fall from the sky, the waters would become tainted, and the trees would vanish. Humanity, as it was known, would be on the brink of extinction.

It was said that the keepers of legends, stories, rituals, myths, and ancient tribal customs would be the ones to restore balance and wellness. They would be the “Warriors of the Rainbow” and would usher in a new era of justice, peace, freedom, and acknowledgement of the Great Spirit.

These Guardians would spread their wisdom and teach all the people of the Earth, or “Elohi,” to live according to the teachings of the Great Spirit. They would explain that the current world had strayed from the Warriors Great Spirit’s path, causing our Earth to become unwell.

The “Warriors of the Rainbow” would demonstrate the loving and understanding nature of the Great Spirit and instruct people on how to make “Elohi” beautiful once more. They would offer principles to follow, inspired by the ways of the ancient tribes. These Guardians would teach unity, love, and understanding, and promote harmony among all people from every corner of the Earth.

Like their ancestors, they would instruct people in heartfelt prayers to the Great Spirit, filled with love that flows like a clear mountain stream towards the vast ocean of existence. People would again find joy in solitude and in gatherings, free from envy and loving all humankind as brothers and sisters, regardless of color, race, or belief. Happiness would fill their hearts, and they would become one with the entire human race. Their hearts would be pure, radiating warmth, understanding, and respect for all, for nature, and for the Great Spirit. Their thoughts, hearts, souls, and actions would be filled with purity, and they would seek the beauty of the Master of Life – the Great Spirit. Strength and beauty would be found in prayers and life’s quiet moments.

Once more, their children would be free to run and appreciate the gifts of nature and Mother Earth, unafraid of the dangers of pollution and destruction caused by the pale-faced newcomers and their greedy ways. Rivers would run clear again, forests would flourish, and animals and birds would thrive. The power of plants and animals would be respected, and conservation of all that is beautiful would become a way of life.

The less fortunate, the sick, and those in need would be cared for by their Earthly siblings. Such practices would again be a part of their everyday lives.

Leaders would be chosen in the traditional manner, not based on political affiliations, volume, boasting, or slander, but by their actions that spoke of love, wisdom, and courage. Those who proved they could work for the betterment of all would become leaders or chiefs. They would be selected for their character, not their wealth. Like the thoughtful and devoted ancient chiefs, they would lead with love and ensure that the young learned the wisdom of their surroundings. They would demonstrate that miracles could be achieved to heal the world and restore its health and beauty.

The mission of these “Warriors of the Rainbow” would be challenging and vast. They would face daunting mountains of ignorance and encounter prejudice and hatred. Their dedication must be unwavering, and their hearts must be strong. They would find open hearts and minds to join them on this journey to restore Mother Earth to her former beauty and abundance.

The day is not far off when we will realize our very existence depends on the people of all tribes who have preserved their culture and heritage. Those who have kept rituals, stories, legends,

Prayer for Peace

“Great Spirit and all unseen, this day we pray and ask You for guidance, humbly we ask You to help us and fellow men to have recourse to peaceful ways of life, because of uncontrolled deceitfulness by human- kind. Help us all to love, not hate one another.

We ask you to be seen in an image of Love and Peace. Let us be seen in beauty, the colors of the rainbow. We respect our Mother, the planet, with our loving care, for from Her breast we receive our nourishment.

Let us not listen to the voices of the two-hearted, the destroyers of mind, the haters and self-made leaders, whose lusts for power and wealth will lead us into confusion and darkness.

Seek visions always of world beauty, not violence nor battlefields.

It is our duty to pray always for harmony between man and earth, so that the earth will bloom once more. Let us show our emblem of love and goodwill for all life and land.

Pray for the House of Glass, for within it are minds clear and pure as ice and mountain streams. Pray for the great leaders of nations in the House of Mica who in their own quiet ways help the earth in balance.

We pray the Great Spirit that one day our Mother Earth will be purified into a healthy peaceful one. Let us sing for strength of wisdom with all nations for the good of all people. Our hope is not yet lost, purification must be to restore the health of our Mother Earth for lasting peace and happiness.

Techqua Ikachi – for Land and Life!”

Hopi

Blue Horse (1820-1908)

Blue Horse (c. 1820 – 1908) was a prominent Oglala Lakota Sioux warrior and leader who was a member of the Wágluȟe Band, also known as the Blue Horse Band. He was a cousin of the famous Oglala Lakota leader, Crazy Horse. Blue Horse fought alongside other notable Lakota leaders, such as Red Cloud and Crazy Horse, in various battles and skirmishes against the U.S. Army in the late 19th century.

In 1876, Blue Horse participated in the Battle of the Little Bighorn, which was a decisive victory for the Native American tribes against the 7th Cavalry of the United States Army, led by General George Armstrong Custer. Following the battle, Blue Horse continued to defend Lakota land and people.

By the late 1800s, the U.S. government’s westward expansion and the implementation of the reservation system had greatly diminished the way of life for the Oglala Lakota people. In 1890, Blue Horse was present at the Wounded Knee Massacre, where over 250 Lakota Sioux were killed by U.S. Army troops. Although the event marked a tragic low point in relations between the U.S. government and Native American tribes, it was also one of the last major violent confrontations between the two groups.

In the years that followed, Blue Horse adapted to life on the Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota. He was considered a peacemaker among the Oglala Lakota people and a crucial figure in the reservation’s early years. Blue Horse continued to advocate for the rights and well-being of his people until his death in 1908.

Naiche (1857-1919)

Naiche (also spelled Nache or Naiichi) was the last hereditary leader of the Chiricahua Apache band. Born around 1857, he was the youngest son of Cochise, a prominent Chiricahua chief. Naiche succeeded his father as chief upon Cochise’s death in 1874.

Naiche allied with the legendary Apache leader Geronimo, and together they led their people in resisting U.S. and Mexican military campaigns. However, their small band of warriors and families was under constant pressure from both sides. After many skirmishes and evasions, Naiche, Geronimo, and their followers surrendered to the U.S. Army on September 4, 1886.

This marked the end of the Apache Wars and the effective end of large-scale Native American resistance in the American Southwest. After their surrender, Naiche and the other Chiricahua Apache were imprisoned and moved between various military installations and reservations. In 1913, Naiche and some of his people were finally allowed to return to their ancestral lands in the Southwest. He passed away on March 16, 1919.

Naiche’e Lagacy

Naiche, the last hereditary leader of the Chiricahua Apache band, had a significant family background. Some of the key members of his family include:

1. Cochise: Naiche’s father, Cochise, was a respected and influential Chiricahua Apache chief. He played a crucial role in the Apache Wars and led his people in fighting against both U.S. and Mexican forces. Cochise was instrumental in securing a short-lived peace treaty in 1872, which created a temporary reservation for his people. He passed away in 1874.
2. Dos-Teh-Seh: Naiche’s mother, Dos-Teh-Seh (also spelled Dos-teh-se), was the daughter of Mangas Coloradas, another important Apache chief. Mangas Coloradas was a leader of the Mimbreno Chiricahua Apaches and father-in-law to Cochise.
3. Taza: Naiche’s older half-brother, Taza (also known as Tahzay), was the firstborn son of Cochise. He succeeded their father as chief of the Chiricahua Apaches after Cochise’s death in 1874. However, Taza died of pneumonia in 1876, and Naiche then took over as chief.

Naiche had at least two wives, Ha-o-teh and E-Clah-heh, with whom he had several children. Little is known about Naiche’s children, but they faced similar fates as other Chiricahua Apache people—being moved between various military installations and reservations after their surrender in 1886.

The Buffalo Dance

The Buffalo Dance, also known as the Bison Dance, is a traditional Native American festival celebrated by many North American Plains tribes, including the Mandan, Sioux, Cheyenne, Pawnee, and Omaha, among others. The festival traditionally coincided with the return of the buffalo herds and was a time of celebration, feasting, and dance.

The Buffalo Dance usually involved a number of men who would dress up in buffalo and other animal skins and perform a dance to imitate the movements of the buffalo. The dance was an important celebration of the buffalo, which was central to the lives of these tribes and provided them with food, clothing, and other resources.

In some societies, the Buffalo Dance was also associated with curing the ill and calling on the spirit of the buffalo. This highlights the spiritual and cultural significance of the buffalo in the lives of these tribes.

The Buffalo Dance was often a part of larger ceremonies and dances, such as the Sun Dance. During the dance, the participants would sing and beat drums to create a rhythm for the dance, and onlookers would join in and celebrate with the dancers.

At the end of the dance, a feast would usually be held to celebrate the return of the buffalo and the abundance they brought. The feast would often include food and drinks made from buffalo meat, such as stews and soups, as well as other traditional Native American dishes.

In conclusion, the Buffalo Dance was an important event for many North American Plains tribes, marking the return of the buffalo and celebrating the abundance of resources they brought. It was a time of celebration, dance, and feasting, and it remains an important part of the cultural heritage of these tribes to this day.

Looking for Native American Story Tellers

Native American traditions and Cultures have to be saved. We have to take the initiative and record, document and share all our traditional Legends, Prayers, Stories and traditions to the World.

The purpose of this message to find individuals to read and record the stories that are shared on Ya-Native.com and LegendsofNativeAmerica.com. Audio recordings will be added to a video file and then shared to the Ya-Native Youtube channel, then I can attach them to their associated legends. Videos of popular Legends will also be added to facebook video.

In return you can add your contact/social media information at the bottom of every video, blog and websites your recordings are associated with. Many of the prayers and legends have been shared over 17 000 times. (YouTube and Facebook are introducing new methods to pay for their advertisements direct to individual videos which means we can share the profits made by your records.)

If you are interested, you do not have to be Native. You do have to be clear.

Let me know if you are interested and we can go from there. I’ll set up some brief guidelines and we can start from there.

All you have to do is.

1. Pick a story or prayer from Ya-Native.com or LegendsofNativeAmerica.com. (If you used a different legend please add a digital text copy of the recording.)
2. Audio Record yourself reading the Legends/prayers.
3. Sent me the mp3 file.

At this juncture, I add your audio file to a video file to share on YouTube and other associated social mediums.

Thank for your time and I look for to your reply.

I won’t need many story tellers so please act fast.

Reamus

Looking for Native American Artists

I just launched Native American Merchandise. It will be promoted by the Ya-Native Network. The Ya-Native Network encompasses three separate Social Media Networks of Native American interests, totaling close to a million followers. That means instance target market penetration.

I also have storefront outlets on Esty, Ebay, Amazon, Shopify, Facebook, Instagram, red bubble, and Pinterest, There’s a few more as well. Once I have established a few solid artists, who would like to showcase their work with me, I will begin advertising on Google and Bing.

I need merchandise. And I need art to showcase across my network websites. You have to be able to ship your item Internationally. Your items have to be exclusive to this store only for copyright and price conflicts purposes. I don’t mind promoting your store and objectives within the post message after the sale.

If you’re a Native American Artisan and you would like to sell your designs or showcase your arts and crafts to hundred’s of thousands fans, I can help.

I am interested in most merchandise produced by Native American Artisans.

Example include, but not limited to: Paintings, carvings, jewelry, hand made clothing items, traditional clothing and blankets. I can also promote your digital work on Print on demand merchandise.

**If you have new(not used) digital designs ready for Print on demands merchandise. I will pay $1 per every them sold with your designs on them with in the first calendar year. The more one advertise the more one sells. I expect to spend over $200 on an advertisement campaign for one item.

***Keep in mind that online regulations prevents many of our Authentic Native American products to be sold online.

If you are interested please leave a message below and I will contact you in order of replies.

If you are interested in becoming a main supporter, I will need to profile you so it will be easier to sell your products-probably be a blog post to start with. (future storefront template will determine the profile)

Thanks for you time. Please feel free to pass this message on to someone who can benefit from this opportunity.

Reamus Wilson

THE SACRED PIPE OF THE T’SALAGI

Long ago, but not long after the world was new, a tribe of red skinned people came to live on the lands which are around The Blue Smoke Mountains.
At this time, the animals of the world still talked to men and taught them how to live on and care for the land.
These people were called “Ani Yun Wiya” or the One True People.
In this tribe lived a brave warrior woman.
She was called ‘Arrow Woman’.
Arrow Woman was taught to use the bow, the spear and the knife.
Even though it was a man’s job to hunt and fight,
Arrow Woman could shoot straighter with the bow than any man, she could throw the knife so as split a branch no bigger than your thumb and she could throw the spear into eye of a hawk in flight.
Because of all this, no man would tell her to be like a woman.
One day while on a hunt,
Arrow Woman came upon the tracks of Yona the bear.
She saw blood on the ground and knew him to be wounded so she followed his tracks.
High into the mountains she followed.
Soon she came to a place that she did not know.
It was in this place, a place known only to the animals that she finally saw Yona the bear.
He had a deep cut in his side and she saw him bowing down in prayer.
She saw him bowing toward a large field of tall grass and speaking words that she had not heard before.
Suddenly, the grass shimmered and became a lake.
Arrow Woman saw Yona dive into the water.
After a time he emerged from the water, his side was completely healed.
Yona then saw Arrow Woman and walked to her.
Yona told her, “this is the sacred lake of the animals.
It is called, ‘Atagahi’ and it’s location is known only to the animals.
It is where we come for healing and strength.
You are the first human creature to see the sacred lake.
You must never tell your kind of it’s location for it is the home of ‘The Great Uktena’.
With these words Yona the Bear turned and walked into the woods and disappeared.
Arrow Woman was tired after following Yona all day so she decided to rest a while by this lake.
She built a small fire and sat down to eat a meal that she had brought with her.
She took a drink of the water from the lake and felt instantly refreshed.
She was amazed, she felt strong as Yan’si the Buffalo.
She felt as if she run faster than Coga the Raven could fly.
The woods were quiet, Unole the wind was sleeping, Nvda the sun was shining bright but was not hot, the surface of the lake was completely calm, Arrow Woman began to get sleepy.
It was at this time that she saw ‘Uktena’, she had been told of him when she was a child but no one in her tribe ever claimed to have seen him.
High above the water he raised his great serpent’s head, the jewel in his forehead glistening.
He began to move toward her.
Arrow Woman grabbed up her spear and stood up to face the great creature coming to her, standing proud, showing no fear, the way any warrior should.
She raised her spear and prepared to strike the huge beast.
Uktena stopped a short distance from her.
He smiled, his mouth was larger than a man was tall and full of teeth longer than man’s forearm.
He spoke to the brave woman on the bank of his lake.
To her he said, “Put down your weapons for I mean you no harm.
I come only to teach.” Arrow Woman laid down her spear and began to relax, somehow knowing Uktena spoke truly.
Uktena told her to sit and to listen.
Uktena dipped his head below the surface and came back up a moment later.
In his mouth he had a strangely crooked stick and a leather pouch.
These things he laid on the ground in front of Arrow Woman. Then the Great Uktena began to teach.
He said,”This that I have laid before you is the Sacred Pipe of The Creator.”
He then told her to pick up the pipe.
“The bowl is of the same red clay The Creator used to make your kind.
The red clay is Woman kind and is from the Earth.
Just as a woman bears the children and brings forth life, the bowl bears the sacred tobacco (tsula) and brings forth smoke. The stem is Man.
Rigid and strong the stem is from the plant kingdom and like a man it supports the bowl just as man supports his family.”

Uktena then showed Arrow Woman how to join the bowl to the stem saying, “
Just as a man and a woman remain separate until joined in marriage so too are the bowl and stem separate.
Never to be joined unless the pipe is used.”
Uktena then showed her how place the sacred tsula into the pipe and with an ember from the fire lit the tsula so it burned slightly.
He told her this, “The smoke is the breath of The Creator, When you draw the smoke into your body, you will be cleansed and made whole.
When the smoke leaves your mouth, it will rise to The Creator. Your prayers, your dreams, your hopes and desires will be taken to Him in the smoke.
Also the truth in your soul will be shown to Him when you smoke the pipe.
If you are not true, do not smoke the pipe.
If your spirit is bad and you seek to deceive, do not smoke the pipe.”

Uktena continued his lesson well into the night teaching Arrow Woman all of the prayers used with the pipe and all of the reasons for using the pipe.
He finished just as the moon was beginning her nightly journey across the sky in search of her true love.
He told Arrow Woman to wrap the pipe in cloth, keeping the parts separate.
With this done He told her that she would never again be able to find this place but to remember all that she had learned. Uktena then returned to depths of the lake.
Arrow Woman saw the water shimmer and become again the field of grass.
She left, taking with her the pipe and her lessons and a wondrous tale.

Ever since that time,
The Ani Yun Wiya have used the sacred pipe and never again has any man seen the sacred lake of Uktena.
The pipe is not a symbol of things that are sacred.
The pipe itself is sacred.
Not everyone is called upon to be a pipe bearer.
The person who carries the pipe and practices the pipe ceremonies and traditions has a great responsibility to his brothers and sisters, his land and country and even to the Earth Mother.
The pipe bearer does not ‘own’ the pipe he carries.
He simply carries the pipe until the time comes for him to pass it to the next bearer.
The pipe bearer is given certain powers of sight from the pipe as well as an ability to heal and purify.
Should the bearer fall from grace and become a liar, thief, neglected his duties when asked, or become deceitful, the pipe would repossess these gifts and then the possibility of misfortune for the former bearer may exist.
One should be ready to accept the responsibility of the pipe for it may make demands upon you.
It will become your teacher and guide. It can also be your worst enemy if used wrongly.

Kicks Iron

Kicks Iron, a member of the Standing Rock Sioux tribe, wears a headdress of golden eagle feathers.

Princess Angeline aka Kikisoblu (1820-1896)

Princess Angeline, originally named Kikisoblu, was born around 1820 in what is now Rainier Beach, Seattle, Washington. She was the eldest daughter of Chief Seattle, the leader of the Suquamish and Duwamish tribes. Kikisoblu was given the name “Angeline” by Catherine Broshears Maynard, the second wife of Seattle pioneer Doc Maynard.

During the Puget Sound War in 1856, Princess Angeline is said to have conveyed a warning from her father to the citizens of Seattle about an impending attack by a large native coalition force. Her actions helped the settlers and neutral native tribespeople protect themselves during the resulting Battle of Seattle.

In defiance of the 1855 Treaty of Point Elliott, which required all Duwamish Indians to leave their lands for reservations, Princess Angeline chose to remain in Seattle. She lived in a waterfront cabin on Western Avenue between Pike and Pine Streets, close to the present-day Pike Place Market. To support herself, she did laundry and sold handwoven baskets.

Princess Angeline embraced Christianity and was a devout Roman Catholic until her death on May 31, 1896. She was buried in Lake View Cemetery on Capitol Hill, next to Henry Yesler, in a canoe-shaped coffin. Later on, Seattle schoolchildren raised funds to place a headstone on her grave.

Princess Angeline’s legacy continues in Seattle through streets named in her honor and the YWCA Angeline’s Day Center for Women, which provides safety and support for women experiencing homelessness in the Belltown area.

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The Native American Princess Who Refused to Leave Her Land and Became a Legend.

Following the signing of the Treaty of Point Elliott in 1855, which resulted in the Native American tribes of the greater Puget Sound region vacating lands which they had inhabited for centuries, one Native American woman chose to defy the edicts of the treaty and continued to live among the white settlers of Seattle until her death on May 31, 1896. She would become known as “Princess Angeline” and her portrait would be immortalised by the work of renowned photographer and ethnologist Edward Sheriff Curtis.

Kikisoblu, the daughter of Chief Seattle was a friend to early Seattle pioneers. One of the pioneer women, Catherine Maynard, thought Kikisoblu should have a name that would let everyone know that she was the daughter of a great chief — so she renamed her “Princess Angeline.” Angeline sold baskets and did laundry to earn her own living. She lived a very simple life but her new friends looked out for her. (This essay was written for students in third and fourth grade who are studying Washington State History and for all beginning readers who want to learn more about Washington. It is one of a set of essays called :: source

Master Sergeant Woodrow W. Keeble

Master Sergeant Woodrow W. Keeble was rewarded the Medal of Honer 26 years after his passing.

Woodrow W. Keeble
2008: First Sioux to receive the Medal of Honor
Master Sgt. Woodrow Keeble is one of the most decorated Soldiers in North Dakota history. A veteran of World War II and the Korean War, he was born in 1917 in Waubay, S.D., on the Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Reservation, which extended into North Dakota. He spent most of his life in the Wahpeton, N.D. area, where he attended an Indian school. In 1942 Keeble joined the North Dakota National Guard, and in October of that year, found himself embroiled in some of the fiercest hand-to-hand combat of World War II on Guadalcanal.

During the final allied offensive of the Korean War, Keeble risked his life to save his fellow Soldiers. On Oct. 20, 1951, he was an acting platoon leader for the support platoon in Company G, 19th Infantry, in the attack on Hill 765, a steep and rugged position that was well defended by the enemy. When the attacking elements had become pinned down by heavy enemy fire, Keeble conducted a one-man assault, crawling through heavy enemy fire to throw grenades and destroy three well-fortified and strategically-placed enemy positions. Inspired by his courage, Company G successfully moved forward and seized its important objective.

For actions in combat, Keeble received the Distinguished Service Cross, the Silver Star, the Bronze Star, two Purple Hearts and the Combat Infantryman Badge. Keeble became the first full-blooded Sioux Indian to receive the Medal of Honor during a White House ceremony, March 3, 2008.

Sand Cree Massacre – November 29, 1864

The Sand Creek Massacre was a horrific event that took place on November 29, 1864, in the Colorado Territory. A force of approximately 700 soldiers from the Colorado Territory militia, led by Colonel John Chivington, attacked a peaceful encampment of Cheyenne and Arapaho Native Americans. The village was under the leadership of Chief Black Kettle, who had been actively seeking peace with the United States government.

Believing that they would be safe by camping near Fort Lyon, the Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes established their village at Sand Creek, about 40 miles from the fort. In the early morning hours of November 29, Chivington’s troops approached the unsuspecting village. As the soldiers advanced, Chief Black Kettle raised both an American flag and a white flag of truce above his lodge to signal his peaceful intentions. The soldiers, however, ignored these symbols and proceeded with their attack.

The assault on the village was brutal and indiscriminate, with the militia targeting men, women, and children alike. Many of the Native Americans tried to flee in panic, but the soldiers pursued and killed them without mercy. The Cheyenne and Arapaho were mostly unarmed and unprepared for such an onslaught, making the massacre one-sided and devastating.

By the end of the attack, which lasted several hours, an estimated 150 Native Americans had been killed, over half of whom were women and children. In the aftermath, some soldiers mutilated the bodies of the deceased, taking body parts as gruesome trophies.

Initially, Chivington and his troops were praised for their actions upon returning to Denver. However, as details of the massacre emerged and the true nature of the event became clear, public opinion shifted, and the attack was widely condemned. The Sand Creek Massacre led to multiple investigations by the United States government and is now recognized as a tragic and shameful episode in American history. In 2007, the site of the massacre was designated a National Historic Site to honor the memory of the victims.

December 29, 1890 – Wounded Knee Massacre

In the late nineteenth century, Indian “Ghost Dancers” believed a specific dance ritual would reunite them with the dead and bring peace and prosperity. On December 29, 1890, the U.S. Army surrounded a group of Ghost Dancers at Wounded Knee Creek near the Pine Ridge reservation of South Dakota.

During the ensuing Wounded Knee Massacre, fierce fighting broke out and 150 Indians were slaughtered. The battle was the last major conflict between the U.S. government and the Plains Indians.

By the early 20 century, the American-Indian Wars had effectively ended, but at great cost. Though Indians helped colonial settlers survive in the New World, helped Americans gain their independence and ceded vast amounts of land and resources to pioneers, tens of thousands of Indian and non-Indian lives were lost to war, disease and famine, and the Indian way of life was almost completely destroyed.

December 26, 1862 – President Lincoln’s Massacre

“Lincoln willfully ordered this mass hanging in order to appease a Minnesota settler populace threatening riots and anarchy, perhaps even secession, if he did not do as they demanded.

“During the war trials that followed the 1862 conflict, President Lincoln was made aware of the conditions on the Dakota reservations, particularly at Lower Sioux, in addition to Minnesotans’ clarion call for the Dakotas’ extermination. With this in mind, the process through which Lincoln decided to reduce the number of condemned from three hundred and three to thirty-nine (with the thirty-ninth acquitted at the last moment) is seen by some as another example of this president’s Solomon-like wisdom. In other words, Lincoln is credited with having drawn a difficult compromise between a vengeful populace and a defeated Indian nation reduced to being prisoners of war. Even Dakota writer and activist Charles Alexander Eastman, whose father and uncles fought against the United States in 1862, expressed his gratitude for Lincoln’s magnanimity, when he stated in his 1915 book ‘The Indian To-Day’ that a ‘new Indian policy’ emerged when Lincoln refused ‘to order the execution of three hundred Sioux braves, whom a military court had, in less than two days, convicted of murder and condemned to be hung, in order to satisfy the clamor of the citizens of Minnesota.’”

1886 – Concentration Camp

This is a Native American concentration camp in Minnesota during the Civil War where Lincoln ordered the execution of 38 Dakotas in the largest mass execution in US history.